Casting is the process of pouring liquid material, such as molten metal, into the cavity of a specifically designed mold and allowing it to solidify. The workpiece is removed from the mold after solidification to undergo different finishing processes or to be used as a finished product. Casting processes are generally utilized to create complicated solid and hollow structures, and cast goods may be found in a variety of industries such as automobile components, aerospace parts, and so on.
Despite casting as one of the oldest known manufacturing processes, recent improvements in casting technology have resulted in a wide range of specialized casting methods. Die-casting, investment casting, plaster casting, and sand casting are all hot forming techniques that offer distinct industrial advantages. Comparing the benefits and drawbacks of the various types of casting processes might assist in determining which method is best suited for a specific production run.
Modulus Metal has supplier partners who manufacture sand casting, investment casting, die casting, and centrifugal casting products.
Related Standards:
FoundryTechnology:
EN 1370:2011 Founding – Examination of surface condition
EN 1371-1:2011 Founding – Liquid penetrant testing- Part 1: Sand, gravity die and low pressure die castings
EN 1371-2:2015 Founding – Liquid penetrant inspection – Part 2: Investment castings
EN 1559-1:2011 Founding – Technical conditions of delivery – Part 1: General
EN 1559-3:2011 Founding – Technical conditions of delivery – Part 3: Additional requirements for iron castings
EN 1559-5:2017 Founding – Technical conditions of delivery – Part 5: Additional requirements for magnesium alloy castings
EN 1560:2011 Founding – Designation system for cast iron – Material symbols and material numbers
EN 1561:2011 Founding – Grey cast irons
EN 1562:2012 Founding – Malleable cast irons
EN 1563:2011 Founding – Spheroidal graphite cast irons
EN 1564:2011 Founding – Ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons
EN 1753:1997 Magnesium and magnesium alloys – Magnesium alloy ingots and castings
EN 1753:1997/AC:1997 Magnesium and magnesium alloys – Magnesium alloy ingots and castings
EN 1754:2015 Magnesium and magnesium alloys – Magnesium and magnesium alloy anodes, ingots and castings – Designation system
EN ISO 8062-1:2007 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for moulded parts – Part 1: Vocabulary (ISO 8062-1:2007)
CEN ISO/TS 8062-2:2013 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) – Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for moulded parts – Part 2: Rules (ISO/TS 8062-2:2013, Corrected version 2013-11-01)
EN ISO 8062-3:2007 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) – Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for moulded parts – Part 3: General dimensional and geometrical tolerances and machining allowances for castings (ISO 8062-3:2007)
EN ISO 8062-3:2007/AC:2009 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) – Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for moulded parts – Part 3: General dimensional and geometrical tolerances and machining allowances for castings (ISO 8062-3:2007/Cor 1:2009)
EN ISO 10135:2009 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – Drawing indications for moulded parts in technical product documentation (TPD) (ISO 10135:2007)
EN 12421:2017 Magnesium and magnesium alloys – Unalloyed magnesium
EN 12438:1998 Magnesium and magnesium alloys – Magnesium alloys for cast anodes
EN 12513:2011 Founding – Abrasion resistant cast irons
EN 12680-1:2003 Founding – Ultrasonic examination – Part 1: Steel castings for general purposes
EN 12680-2:2003 Founding – Ultrasonic examination – Part 2: Steel castings for highly stressed components
EN 12680-3:2011 Founding – Ultrasonic testing – Part 3: Spheroidal graphite cast iron castings
EN 12681:2003 Founding – Radiographic examination
EN 12883:2000 Founding – Equipment for the production of lost patterns for the lost wax casting process
EN 12890:2000 Founding – Patterns, pattern equipment and coreboxes for the production of sand moulds and sand cores
EN 12892:2000 Founding – Equipment for the production of lost patterns for the lost foam casting process
EN 13835:2012 Founding – Austenitic cast irons
EN 16079:2011 Founding – Compacted (vermicular) graphite cast irons
EN 16124:2011 Founding – Low-alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons for elevated temperature applications
EN 16482: 2014 Founding – Continuous cast iron bars
Steel Castings:
EN 1559-2:2014 Founding – Technical conditions of delivery – Part 2: Additional requirements for steel castings
EN 10213:2007+A1:2016 Steel castings for pressure purposes
EN 10283:2010 Corrosion resistant steel castings
EN 10293: 2015 Steel castings for general engineering uses
EN 10295:2002 Heat resistant steel castings
EN 10340:2007 Steel castings for structural uses
EN 10340:2007/AC:2008 Steel castings for structural uses
EN 10349:2009 Steel castings – Austenitic manganese steel castings
EN ISO 11970:2016 Specification and approval of welding procedures for production welding of steel castings (ISO 11970:2016)
Cast Iron Pipes, Fittings and Their Joints
Standard No | Standard |
---|---|
EN 545:2010 | Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for water pipelines – Requirements and test methods |
EN 598:2007+A1:2009 | Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for sewerage applications – Requirements and test methods |
EN 877:1999 | Cast iron pipes and fittings, their joints and accessories for the evacuation of water from buildings – Requirements, test methods and quality assurance |
EN 877:1999/A1:2006 | Cast iron pipes and fittings, their joints and accessories for the evacuation of water from buildings – Requirements, test methods and quality assurance |
EN 877:1999/A1:2006/AC:2008 | Cast iron pipes and fittings, their joints and accessories for the evacuation of water from buildings – Requirements, test methods and quality assurance |
EN 969:2009 | Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for gas pipelines – Requirements and test methods |
EN 12842:2012 | Ductile iron fittings for PVC-U or PE piping systems – Requirements and test methods |
EN 14525:2004 | Ductile iron wide tolerance couplings and flange adaptors for use with pipes of different materials: ductile iron, Grey iron, Steel, PVC-U PE, Fibre-cement |
EN 14628:2005 | Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories – External polyethylene coating for pipes – Requirements and test methods |
EN 14901:2014 | Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories – Epoxy coating (heavy duty) of ductile iron fittings and accessories – Requirements and test methods |
EN 15189:2006 | Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories – External polyurethane coating for pipes – Requirements and test methods |
EN 15542:2008 | Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories – External cement mortar coating for pipes – Requirements and test methods |
CEN/TR 15545:2006 | Guide to the use of EN 545 |
EN 15655:2009 | Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories – Internal polyurethane lining for pipes and fittings – Requirements and test methods |
CEN/TR 16017:2010 | Guide to the use of EN 598 |
CEN/TR 16470:2013 | Environmental aspects of ductile iron pipe systems for water and sewerage applications |
CEN/TR 16950:2016 | Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories – Sanitary characteristics and test methods |
ASTM – GRAY IRON CASTINGS
ASTM | A | A126 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR GRAY IRON CASTINGS FOR VALVES, FLANGES, AND PIPE FITTINGS |
ASTM | A | A159 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR AUTOMOTIVE GRAY IRON CASTINGS R(1993) |
ASTM | A | A278 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR GRAY IRON CASTINGS FOR PRESSURE-CONTAINING PARTS FOR TEMPERATURES UP TO 650 DEGREES F |
ASTM | A | A278M | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR GRAY IRON CASTINGS FOR PRESSURE-CONTAINING PARTS FOR TEMPERATURES UP TO 350 DEGREES C E1-1996 |
ASTM | A | A319 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR GRAY IRON CASTINGS FOR ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FOR NON-PRESSURE CONTAINING PARTS R(1995) |
ASTM | A | A436 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR AUSTENITIC GRAY IRON CASTINGS E1-1997 R(1997) |
ASTM | A | A48 REV A | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR GRAY IRON CASTINGS |
ASTM | A | A48M | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR GRAY IRON CASTINGS (METRIC) E1-1998 |
ASTM | A | A748/A748M | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR STATICALLY CAST CHILLED WHITE IRON-GRAY IRON DUAL METAL ROLLS FOR PRESSURE VESSEL USE R(1993) |
ASTM | A | A823 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR STATICALLY CAST PERMANENT MOLD GRAY IRON CASTINGS |
ASTM | A | A942 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR CENTRIFUGALLY CAST WHITE IRON/GRAY IRON DUAL METAL ABRASION-RESISTANT ROLL SHELLS |
ASTM | C | C660 | STANDARD PRACTICES FOR PRODUCTION AND PREPARATION OF GRAY IRON CASTINGS FOR PORCELAIN ENAMELING R(1994) |
ASTM | E | E802 | STANDARD REFERENCE RADIOGRAPHS FOR GRAY IRON CASTINGS UP TO 4 1/2 IN. (114 MM) IN THICKNESS |
ASTM – DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS
ASTM | A | A395/A395M | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR FERRITIC DUCTILE IRON PRESSURE-RETAINING CASTINGS FOR USE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES |
ASTM | A | A439 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR AUSTENITIC DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS E1-1994 R(1994) |
ASTM | A | A476 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS FOR PAPER MILL DRYER ROLLS R(1997) |
ASTM | A | A476M | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS FOR PAPER MILL DRYER ROLLS (METRIC) R(1993) |
ASTM | A | A536 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS R(1993) |
ASTM | A | A571 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR AUSTENITIC DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS FOR PRESSURE-CONTAINING PARTS SUITABLE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE E1-1992 R(1997) |
ASTM | A | A571M | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR AUSTENITIC DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS FOR PRESSURE-CONTAINING PARTS SUITABLE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE (METRIC) R(1997) |
ASTM | A | A674 | STANDARD PRACTICE FOR POLYETHYLENE ENCASEMENT FOR DUCTILE IRON PIPE FOR WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS |
ASTM | A | A716 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR DUCTILE IRON CULVERT PIPE |
ASTM | A | A746 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR DUCTILE IRON GRAVITY SEWER PIPE |
ASTM | A | A874 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR FERRITIC DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS SUITABLE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE R(1993) |
ASTM | A | A874M | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR FERRITIC DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS SUITABLE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE (METRIC) R(1993) |
ASTM | A | A897 | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS R(1997) |
ASTM | A | A897M | STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS (METRIC) R(1997) |
ASTM | E | E689 | STANDARD REFERENCE RADIOGRAPHS FOR DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS |